A Novel Hybrid Artificial Intelligence Approach to the Future of Global Coal Consumption Using Whale Optimization Algorithm and Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System

Energy has become an integral part of our society and global economic development in the twenty-first century. Despite tremendous technological advancements, fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, oil) continue to be world’s primary source energy. Global energy scenarios indicate a change coal consumption trends future, which turn will have commercial, geopolitical, environmental consequences. We investigated up 2030 using new hybrid method WOANFIS (whale optimization algorithm adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system). The method’s performance was assessed by MSE (Mean Squared Error), MAE Absolute STD (error standard deviation), RMSE (Root Mean coefficient correlation (R2) among real dataset result. For prediction consumption, proposed had best MAE, RMSE, values, were 0.00113, 0.0047, 0.98, respectively. Lastly, future predicted WOANFIS. Following 150 years dominance, results demonstrate that is suitable for estimating worldwide makes it possible plan transition away from coal.